| Appearance | Small, round, and black peppercorns |
| Size | 2-4 mm in diameter |
| Odor | Aromatic and pungent |
| Taste | Spicy and hot |
| Boiling point | 166-253 °C |
| Solubility | Slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol and oil |
| pH | 4.6-5.0 |
| Moisture | Max 12% |
| Ash content | Max 5% |
| Foreign matter | Max 1% |